First U.S. Sighting: Invasive Honeybee-Hunting Hornet Raises Alarm

A highly concerning situation has emerged near Savannah, Georgia, where an invasive and highly damaging species of hornet, scientifically referred to as Vespa velutina, or the yellow-legged hornet, has been discovered.

This discovery has raised alarms within the agricultural community due to the potential risks it poses. What makes this finding particularly significant is that it marks the first documented instance of this specific hornet species being found alive in the United States.

Yellow-legged hornets are notorious for their destructive behavior, particularly their predation on essential pollinators like honeybees and other species that play a crucial role in fertilizing crops.

This poses a substantial threat not only to the honey production industry but also to broader farming activities. The pollination process, facilitated by honeybees, is vital for the successful growth of various crops, including economically valuable ones such as almonds, cherries, oranges, and a range of other fruits. The financial worth of crops is significantly boosted by the estimated $15 billion contribution of bee pollination, as highlighted by the Food and Drug Administration.

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Double Trouble: Yellow-Legged and Giant Hornets

 

The implications for Georgia’s agriculture, given its reliance on these pollinators and its status as a prominent industry in the state, are substantial. Recognizing the potential severity of this threat, concerted efforts are being undertaken in collaboration with federal agencies and the University of Georgia to closely monitor and eradicate this invasive pest.

To aid in the identification of this invasive hornet, it is characterized by its distinctive features: yellow-tipped legs and a pronounced abdomen adorned with widening yellow bands toward the rear.

Unlike native wasp species found in the United States, these hornets have specialized adaptations for targeting honeybee colonies. This specialization makes them particularly efficient at infiltrating and attacking beehives.

In addition to the yellow-legged hornet, its close relative, the northern giant hornet (also known as the Asian giant hornet or “murder hornet”), compounds the challenges faced by native bee populations. Both of these hornet species pose serious threats due to their size, strength, protective exoskeleton, and social behavior.

Their modus operandi involves targeting beehives, utilizing pheromones to attract fellow hornets, and wreaking havoc on colonies by eliminating worker bees and collecting vulnerable bee larvae. This predatory behavior directly undermines the stability and survival of native bee populations, exacerbating concerns about declining bee populations and their impact on ecosystems and agriculture.

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Source: NPR